Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov dyes, thiab qhov kev ntsuam xyuas feem ntau suav nrog cov xim nrawm rau lub teeb, ntxuav, txhuam, hws, qaub ncaug, thiab ironing.
Thaum ua cov xim ceev ceev, cov degree ntawm discoloration ntawm cov ntaub dyed thiab cov degree ntawm staining ntawm lub substrate feem ntau yog xam. Rau cov xim ceev ceev, tshwj tsis yog lub teeb nrawm, uas yog qib yim, tag nrho lwm tus yog qib tsib. Cov qib siab dua, qhov zoo dua cov xim ceev.
Xim ceev rau lub teeb (ceev ceev rau hnub ci)
Lub teeb nrawm yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm thiab dyed los tswj lawv cov xim qub nyob rau hauv lub teeb, uas yog, lawv muaj peev xwm tiv taus fading thiab discoloration nyob rau hauv lub teeb.
Muaj yim theem ntawm cov xim ceev rau lub hnub ci, nrog rau thawj theem muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws discoloration thiab qib yim muaj qhov qis tshaj.
Muaj peb txoj hauv kev rau cov xim nrawm rau lub hnub ci: ntsuas hnub ci, xenon arc teeb tester, thiab carbon arc teeb tester.
Cov txheej txheem kev sim dav dav rau cov xim nrawm rau hnub ci yog raws li hauv qab no
Cov qauv textile thiab cov qauv kev pom zoo sib koom ua qauv (xiav qauv ntaub plaub) raug cuam tshuam rau cov teeb pom kev zoo nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, thiab qib ntawm cov xim hloov ntawm ob yog muab piv. Qib ntawm cov xim ceev rau lub teeb ntawm cov qauv yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov ntaub plaub xim xiav xim ceev tus qauv qauv raug rau lub teeb ib txhij.
Tag nrho cov qauv kev sim rau xim ceev rau lub hnub ci siv ib txoj kev sib piv, thiab cov khoom siv raug tsis ncaj qha rau qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv feem ntau yog nyob ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas, suav nrog spectrum, lub teeb siv, kub, txheeb ze av noo, thiab lwm yam.
Xim nrawm rau hws stains
Cov xim nrawm rau hws yog ib qho kev xav ntawm nws tus kheej discoloration ntawm textiles nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev ntsuam xyuas cov kev daws teeb meem uas muaj histidine nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub siab thiab kub, nrog rau cov staining ntawm cov ntaub uas nyob ib sab. Txheeb xyuas qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov qauv thiab cov staining ntawm cov ntaub hauv ob sab phlu siv cov nplai grey, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau muab faib ua 5 qib, nrog 5 qib yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab qib 1 yog qhov phem tshaj.
Txoj kev kuaj:
Suture tus qauv nrog cov qauv hauv ob sab phlu, kho nws hauv hws daws, muab nws tso rau hauv lub hws resistant xim ceev tester, muab tso rau hauv qhov cub ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ces qhuav nws, thiab muab qib nrog daim npav grey kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem. . Cov kev sim sib txawv muaj xws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hws stains, cov qauv sib txawv, thiab qhov ntsuas kub sib txawv thiab lub sijhawm.
Xim ceev kom txhuam
RUB tus qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib cais nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib txhuam qhuav thiab cov ntaub ntub dej sib txhuam los txiav txim siab qhov degree ntawm staining ntawm daim ntaub txhuam.
Txoj kev kuaj:
Muab cov qauv tso rau ntawm tus ntsuas kev sib txhuam thiab rub nws nrog cov qauv kev sib txhuam dawb hauv qab lub siab rau qee lub sijhawm. Txhua pawg ntawm cov qauv yuav tsum tau kuaj kom qhuav thiab ntub dej sib txhuam xim ceev ceev. Siv daim npav grey los ntsuas cov xim ntawm cov qauv kev sib txhuam dawb daim ntaub, thiab cov qib tau txais yog ntsuas kev sib txhuam xim ceev. Kev sib txhuam xim nrawm yuav tsum tau kuaj ob qho tib si qhuav thiab ntub dej, thiab tag nrho cov xim ntawm cov qauv yuav tsum tau txhuam ua ke.
Xim ceev kom ntxuav
Cov xim ceev ceev ntawm textiles yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam niaj hnub nyob rau hauv kev ntsuam xyuas sab hauv ntawm textiles. Thaum lub sij hawm xeem, qhov ceev ceev yog ntsuas raws li qhov discoloration ntawm cov qauv thiab cov staining ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis muaj stained. Cov xim ceev ceev rau kev ntxuav ntawm cov ntaub yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm textiles. Nws yog hais txog qib ntawm cov xim hloov ntawm cov xim ntawm cov ntaub hauv ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm qee qhov kub thiab qhov sib piv ntawm da dej tom qab qee lub sijhawm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntxuav thiab qib ntawm staining los ntawm ntau cov ntaub fibers.
Txoj kev kuaj:
Kev ntsuas dej ntxuav cov xim nrawm yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom siv hauv kev tshuaj xyuas textile. Nws suav nrog kev xaws ib qho qauv nrog ib daim ntaub dawb, muab tso rau hauv ib qho tshuaj ntxuav ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, mechanically stirring, soaking thiab ntxuav nws rau lub sij hawm teev, thiab tom qab ntawd ntsuam xyuas cov xim hloov thiab staining qib nrog daim npav grey tom qab ziab. Vim muaj ntau yam kev ntxuav thiab kev daws teeb meem, cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem yog cov ntsuas nrog cov nqi nruj.
Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog: suture tus qauv raws li tus qauv → npaj cov tshuaj xab npum raws li tus qauv qauv → ntxuav raws li tus qauv txheej txheem → ntxuav kom huv si → qhuav → qib nrog daim npav grey lossis ntsuas ntsuas.
Cov txheej txheem los txhim kho lub fixation ceev ntawm dyes. Txawm hais tias qee cov dyes tuaj yeem muab cov xim zoo nkauj, vim yog cov dej-soluble pawg ntawm cov dyes, kev kho ntub dej nrawm yog qhov tsis zoo, ua rau muaj kev ploj zuj zus thiab staining. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog ua rau cov tsos ntawm textiles outdated, tab sis kuj ua rau cov dyes poob thiab stain dawb los yog lwm yam xim fibers, uas ua rau staining thiab xim txuam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm tias cov dyes reactive tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus nrog cellulose fibers, hauv dyeing, yog tias muaj hydrolytic dyes los yog soaping tsis txaus ntawm cov dyes tsis txaus, kev kho ntub dej ceev yuav raug txo; Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dyes reactive uas tau tsim covalent daim ntawv cog lus nrog fibers kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua txhaum cov ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv acidic lossis alkaline tej yam kev mob, thiab muaj xim tsis txaus rau chlorine, hws, thiab tshav ntuj.
Txhawm rau txhim kho cov xim ceev ntawm cov ntaub, kev kho kho tuaj yeem ua tiav, thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv uas tuaj yeem txhim kho ntau hom dyeing ceev yog hu ua kho cov neeg ua haujlwm.
duab
Txhim kho tus neeg sawv cev fixation txoj cai
1. Tsim cov xim tsis muaj dej tsis sib haum ntawm cov ntaub, thaiv cov pawg soluble, thiab ua rau cov dyes ntawm cov ntaub nyuaj rau yaj thiab poob tawm thaum raug dej, ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhim kho ntub dej ceev ceev. Tab sis tom qab cov neeg kho kho no kho cov xim, nws yog ib qho yooj yim uas yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov ntawm lub teeb xim ntawm cov ntaub los yog ua rau lub hnub ceev ceev.
2. Tsim ib lub mesh zoo li zaj duab xis ntawm cov ntaub los tiv thaiv dye detachment.
3. Siv cov pab pawg reactive nyob rau hauv kho tus neeg sawv cev molecules rau cross-link nrog cov reactive pawg ntawm cov dye molecules thiab hydroxyl pawg ntawm cellulose molecules los txhim kho cov fixation nyhuv ntawm cov xim ntawm fiber.
4. Siv cov molecular attraction ntawm tus kho tus neeg saib xyuas thiab fibers kom txhim kho lub zog ntawm tus kho tus neeg saib xyuas, yog li txhim kho dyeing ceev.