Kev tshawb fawb ntawm polyester fiber tau pib hauv xyoo 1930, uas tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg Askiv xws li Whinfield thiab Dickson. Nws yog industrialized nyob rau hauv teb chaws Aas Kiv nyob rau hauv 1949 thiab nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States nyob rau hauv 1953. Nws yog ib tug ntawm cov loj ntau yam ntawm Synthetic fiber uas tsim tom qab, tab sis tsim sai heev.
Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm polyester yog 18000-25000, thiab qib ntawm polymerization yog 100-140. Macromolecules muaj cov qauv tshuaj symmetrical, thiab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsim nyog, lawv nquag tsim cov muaju thiab muaj cov qauv fiber ntau. Polyester macromolecules muaj benzene rings, uas yog qhov yooj yim nruj macromolecules, thaum tseem muaj aliphatic hydrocarbon chains, muab cov molecules ib qho kev hloov pauv. Tsis muaj lwm pawg polar nyob rau hauv macromolecules tsuas yog muaj ob pawg ntawm cov dej cawv hydroxyl. Nrog cov ntsiab lus ester siab, hydrolysis thiab Pyrolysis yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Polyester yog spun los ntawm yaj. Nws hla ntu yog puag ncig, thiab nws cov duab longitudinal yog iav pas nrig. Nws yog ncaj thiab du, thiab nws qhov ceev yog 1.38 ~ 1.40g / cm3.
Hauv Suav teb, cov fiber ntau nrog Polyethylene terephthalate cov ntsiab lus ntau dua 85% yog hu ua polyester luv luv, feem ntau hu ua "Dacron". Muaj ntau lub npe khoom txawv teb chaws, xws li "Dacron" hauv Tebchaws Meskas, "Tetoron" hauv Nyij Pooj, "Terlenka" hauv tebchaws Askiv, thiab "Lavsan" hauv qub Soviet Union.
Cationic Dyeable Polyester (CDP) Fiber ntau
Los ntawm kev qhia cov pab pawg acidic uas tuaj yeem khi cationic dyes rau hauv PET molecular saw, hloov polyester (CDP) uas tuaj yeem dyed nrog cationic dyes tuaj yeem npaj tau. CDP yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm DuPont hauv Tebchaws Meskas, thiab nws cov khoom lag luam suav txog 1/6 ntawm tag nrho cov PET fiber ntau lawm los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Nws cov hom muaj xws li Dacron T64, Dacron T65, thiab lwm yam. CDP tsis tsuas yog muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dyeing xwb, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem dyed nrog ntuj fibers xws li ntaub plaub nyob rau hauv tib lub da dej, ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem dyeing rau blended fabrics. Yog tias sib xyaw lossis cuam tshuam nrog cov polyester zoo tib yam, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov xim sib txawv hauv tib lub da dej, ua kom cov xim zoo nkauj ntawm cov ntaub. Yog li ntawd, CDP tau dhau los ua ntau yam kev hloov pauv polyester. CDP feem ntau yog npaj los ntawm kev ntxiv ib qho thib peb monomer los yog plaub lub monomer, xws li sodium dimethyl sulfonate Isophthalic acid (SIPM), mus rau PET macromolecular saw los ntawm copolymerization, graft copolymerization thiab lwm txoj kev. Vim yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov pab pawg tsis zoo sulfonic acid ntawm CDP molecular saw, hlau ions ntawm sulfonic acid pawg yuav pauv nrog cations hauv cov xim thaum dyeing. Yog li ntawd, cov dyeing ions yog tsau rau ntawm CDP macromolecular saw, thiab cov ntsev uas tsim thaum lub sij hawm dyeing yog tsis tu ncua tshem tawm nyob rau hauv aqueous tov, ua rau tsis tu ncua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab thaum kawg ua tiav cov nyhuv dyeing.
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm CDP zoo ib yam li PET, nrog cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv thiab tsis sib xws. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv raw, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua DMT txoj kev thiab PTA txoj kev. CDP rhuav tshem cov qauv qub ntawm cov fiber ntau los ntawm kev ntxiv cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tshiab rau cov saw hlau macromolecular, uas ua rau txo qis ntawm melting point, iav hloov kub, thiab crystallinity ntawm fiber. Hauv thaj av amorphous, qhov nce hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ua rau kev nkag mus ntawm cov xim molecules rau hauv cov fiber ntau sab hauv. CDP muaj qhov txo qis hauv lub zog piv rau cov polyester li niaj zaus, tab sis nws txhim kho cov khoom tiv thaiv pilling thiab pilling ntawm cov ntaub, ua rau nws mos thiab tag nrho ntawm kev xav, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov ntaub plaub zoo li cov khoom. Kev dyeing ntawm CDP zoo tib yam tseem xav tau qhov kub thiab txias (120-140 degree) thiab siab siab lossis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ntxiv cov cab kuj, txhawm rau kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dyeing. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv dyes, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov zoo thermal stability ntawm cov xim xaiv.
Chav tsev kub thiab atmospheric siab dyeable polyester (ECDP) fiber ntau
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem PET polymerization zoo tib yam, ntxiv me me ntawm plaub lub monomer tuaj yeem tsim chav sov thiab atmospheric siab dyeable polyester ECDP. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim qhov kev taw qhia ntawm polyethylene glycol saj zawg zog ntu ntawm PET macromolecular saw, uas ua rau cov qauv molecular ntawm fiber ntau xoob thiab thaj tsam amorphous loj dua, uas yog qhov zoo rau cov cationic dyes nkag mus rau hauv fiber ntau sab hauv thiab sib txuas nrog ntau dua. sulfonic pawg, yog li nws tuaj yeem dyed nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj siab npau npau dyeing tej yam kev mob. ECDP fibers muaj kev xav softer thiab hnav zoo dua li CDP thiab PET fibers. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias lub zog qis qis ntawm qhov thib plaub monomer polyethylene glycol ntu, thermal stability ntawm ECDP fibers txo, thiab lub zog poob ntawm ECDP fibers nce mus txog 30% ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 180 degree. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub ua los ntawm ECDP fibers yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thaum ua tiav, ntxuav, thiab ironing.
PPT fiber ntau
PPT fiber yog cov ntawv luv rau polypropylene terephthalate fiber. Qee cov neeg txawv teb chaws xa mus rau PPT yog fiber ntau ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st, thiab nws cov khoom npe yog "Cortera".
PPT, PET, thiab PBT yog cov tsev neeg polyester thiab muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws. PPT fiber ntau muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm ob qho tib si polyester thiab nylon. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los ntxuav thiab qhuav zoo li polyester, muaj zoo elasticity rov qab thiab wrinkle kuj, thiab muaj zoo stain tsis kam, tshav ntuj tiv thaiv, thiab tes xav. Nws muaj dyeing kev ua tau zoo dua li polyester thiab tuaj yeem dyed nyob rau hauv ib txwm siab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev nkag mus ntawm cov dyeing rau hauv PPT fibers yog siab dua li ntawm PET, thiab cov dyeing yog sib xws thiab muaj xim zoo. Piv nrog nylon, PPT fiber ntau kuj muaj kev hnav zoo dua thiab tensile rov qab, thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm elasticity siab thiab zoo fluffiness, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov ntaub ntawv xws li ntaub pua plag.
PBT fiber ntau
PBT fiber yog cov ntawv luv ntawm Polybutylene terephthalate fiber. PBT fiber ntau yog tsim los ntawm condensation ntawm dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) los yog terephthalic acid (TPA), lub ntsiab raw khoom ntawm polyester, nrog 1, 4-butanediol. Siv DMT thiab 1, 4-butanediol ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polycondensation tau ua los ntawm cov organic titanium los yog tin compounds thiab tetrabutyl titanate ua catalysts, thiab tom qab ntawd PBT fibers tau npaj los ntawm yaj spinning. Lub polymerization, spinning, thiab tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv ntawm PBT fibers yog qhov pib zoo ib yam li polyester.
PBT fiber ntau muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog zoo, yooj yim ntxuav thiab ziab sai, ruaj khov loj, thiab zoo zoo khaws cia piv rau polyester. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm nws cov macromolecular saw ntev, yog li nws tawg thiab ncab ntev, nrog zoo elasticity. Tom qab rhuab, lub elasticity hloov me ntsis, thiab kev xav yog mos. Lwm qhov zoo ntawm PBT fiber ntau yog nws cov khoom dyeing zoo dua li polyester. PBT ntaub tuaj yeem dyeed nrog Disperse dye nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj siab npau npau dyeing tej yam kev mob kom tau txais txaus siab dyeing tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, PBT fiber ntau muaj kev tiv thaiv kev laus, tshuaj lom neeg thiab kub ua haujlwm. PBT fibers muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv engineering plastics, cov khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab cov khoom siv tshuab.
PEN fiber ntau
PEN fiber yog cov ntawv luv rau polyethylene naphthalate fiber. Zoo li polyester, PEN fiber ntau yog cov khoom siv semi crystalline thermoplastic polyester, pib qhia los ntawm KASA Tuam Txhab hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Nws cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yog tau los ntawm ester pauv ntawm 2, 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester (NDC) thiab ethylene glycol (EG), ua raws li condensation polymerization; Lwm txoj kev yog ncaj qha esterification 2, 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid (NDCA) nrog ethylene glycol (EG), thiab tom qab ntawd tau txais los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke polymerization. Yog tias ib qho me me ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj cov organic amines thiab organophosphates ntxiv, qhov thermal stability ntawm PEN tuaj yeem txhim kho.
Cov txheej txheem spinning ntawm PEN fiber ntau zoo ib yam li polyester, nrog cov txheej txheem ntws ntawm nti kom qhuav, kev kub ceev spinning, thiab kev tsim qauv. Vim tias qhov kub hloov pauv ntawm iav ntau dua ntawm PEN fibers piv rau polyester fibers, cov txheej txheem tsim qauv yuav tsum tau hloov raws li. Ntau cov ntawv sau yuav tsum tau siv thiab qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum tau nce kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov fibers vim qhov qeeb molecular orientation ceev. Piv nrog cov pa polyester, PEN fiber ntau muaj cov khoom siv zoo dua qub thiab thermal, xws li lub zog siab, siab modulus, zoo tensile kuj, thiab siab rigidity; Cov cua kub zoo, ruaj khov loj, tsis yooj yim deformed, thiab muaj cov nplaim hluav taws zoo; Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo thiab hydrolysis tsis kam; UV resistant thiab aging resistant.
Moisture conductive thiab qhuav polyester filament
Los ntawm kev hloov pauv cov duab ntawm cov fibers, qhov sib txawv ntawm ib tus neeg fibers yog nce, qhov tshwj xeeb saum npoo yog nce, thiab cov nyhuv capillary zoo heev txhim kho nws cov dej noo conductivity, uas ua rau zus tau tej cov dej conductive thiab qhuav polyester filament.
Cov ntaub fiber ntau no muaj cov dej noo zoo heev thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ya raws. Nws yog txuam nrog paj rwb fibers thiab lwm yam fibers nrog zoo noo noo nqus. Nrog rau cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Cov khaub ncaws ua los ntawm cov ntaub fiber ntau yog qhuav, txias thiab xis nyob. Nws yog tsim rau knitting sportswear, woven shirts, lub caij ntuj sov khaub ncaws fabrics, polyester stockings, thiab lwm yam.
High dehumidification plaub channel polyester fiber
Du Pont tau tsim plaub lub channel (Tefra - Channel) polyester fiber ntau nrog lub peev xwm wicking zoo heev. Nws yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab ua kom dej ua los ntawm hydrophobic Synthetic fiber, uas tuaj yeem tawm hws ntawm daim tawv nqaij hws heev rau cov ntaub nto rau evaporative txias. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias tom qab 30 feeb, cov av noo tshem tawm feem pua ntawm cov paj rwb fiber ntau yog 52%, thaum rau plaub channel polyester fiber, nws yog 95%. Cov fiber ntau no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov khaub ncaws ua kis las thiab cov tub rog hnav thermal ris tsho hauv qab, uas tuaj yeem ua kom tawv nqaij qhuav thiab xis nyob, thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm sov thiab txias.
qhov chaw: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Ixj6M7xgSDUhhunGEUn-5w